Graded Composites

The team of Prof. Speck at the University of Freiburg has shown that the material properties of the composites forming the stems of higher plants are not homogeneous, but vary within a single structure according to mechanical necessities. This results in interactively adapted structures and material properties, which ensures the highest efficiency. Typically, biogenic materials, including biominerals, are in fact composites as well. Since isotropic materials such as metals are increasingly replaced by composite materials, the understanding of efficient implementation of inhomogeneous composites within complex structures is essential for the ultimate optimization of technical lightweight constructions. Speck et al. have developed a number of educational materials and exhibitions on bionic lightweight constructions, which are, for instance used permanently in botanical gardens.